❤️ 본문의 번역 및 자세한 설명은 본문 하단에 있습니다.
The Communist Manifesto 001 – I.BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS – 005
An oppressed class under the sway of the feudal nobility, an armed and self-governing association in the mediaeval commune; here independent urban republic (as in Italy and Germany), there taxable “third estate” of the monarchy (as in France), afterwards, in the period of manufacture proper, serving either the semi-feudal or the absolute monarchy as a counterpoise against the nobility, and, in fact, corner-stone of the great monarchies in general, the bourgeoisie has at last, since the establishment of Modern Industry and of the world-market, conquered for itself, in the modern representative State, exclusive political sway.The executive of the modern State is but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie.The bourgeoisie, historically, has played a most revolutionary part.The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations.It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and has left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.” It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervour, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation.It has resolved personal worth into exchange value, and in place of the numberless and indefeasible chartered freedoms, has set up that single, unconscionable freedom—Free Trade
❤️ 위 본문에 대한 번역 및 자세한 설명은 다음과 같습니다.
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An oppressed class / under the sway / of the feudal nobility, / an armed and self-governing association / in the mediaeval commune;
봉건 귀족의 지배를 받는 억압된 계층, 중세 공공체에서 무장하고 자치하는 협회;
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here independent urban republic / (as in Italy and Germany), / there taxable “third estate” / of the monarchy / (as in France),
여기 이탈리아와 독일처럼 독립적인 도시 공화국, 저기 프랑스처럼 조세를 내는 “제3신분”인 왕국의 시민;
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afterwards, / in the period of manufacture proper, / serving either the semi-feudal / or the absolute monarchy / as a counterpoise / against the nobility,
그 후, 진정한 제조업 시대에, 반봉건적이든 절대 왕국이든 귀족에 대한 균형추로서 역할을 담당했다,
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and, in fact, / corner-stone of the great monarchies / in general, / the bourgeoisie has at last, / since the establishment of Modern Industry / and of the world-market,
그리고, 실제로 위대한 군주제의 초석인 부르주아 계급은 마침내, 근대 산업과 세계 시장이 설립된 이후부터,
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conquered for itself, / in the modern representative State, / exclusive political sway.
현대 대의제 국가에서 독점적인 정치적 지배를 확보했다.
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The executive / of the modern State / is but a committee / for managing the common affairs / of the whole bourgeoisie.
현대 국가의 행정부는 전체 부르주아 계급의 공공사무를 관리하는 위원회에 지나지 않는다.
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The bourgeoisie, / historically, / has played a most revolutionary part.
부르주아 계급은 역사적으로 가장 혁명적인 역할을 했다.
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The bourgeoisie, / wherever it has got the upper hand, / has put an end to all feudal, / patriarchal, / idyllic relations.
부르주아 계급은 권력을 장악한 곳에서는 어디든지 모든 봉건적, 가부장적, 목가적인 관계를 끝냈다.
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It has pitilessly / torn asunder / the motley feudal ties / that bound man / to his “natural superiors,”
그것은 가차 없이 사람을 “자연 상위자”에게 묶어둔 다채로운 봉건 관계를 산산조각 냈다,
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and has left remaining / no other nexus between man and man / than naked self-interest, / than callous “cash payment.”
그리고 사람과 사람 사이의 아무런 연계를 남기지 않고, 벌거벗은 자기 이익, 냉혹한 “현금 지불”만 남겼다.
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It has drowned / the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervour, / of chivalrous enthusiasm, / of philistine sentimentalism, / in the icy water / of egotistical calculation.
그것은 종교적 열정, 기사도의 열광, 속물적인 감상주의의 가장 천상의 황홀감을 이기적인 계산의 얼음 같은 물 속에 빠뜨렸다.
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It has resolved / personal worth / into exchange value, / and in place of / the numberless and indefeasible chartered freedoms, / has set up that single, unconscionable freedom—Free Trade.
그것은 개인의 가치를 교환 가치로 전환시켰고, 수많은 불가분의 헌장된 자유 대신, 단 하나의 비양심적인 자유—자유 무역을 세웠다.
여기까지 읽어주셔서 감사합니다. 출처 : [구텐베르크프로젝트] (https://www.gutenberg.org/)
