
❤️ 본문의 번역 및 자세한 설명은 본문 하단에 있습니다.
The Communist Manifesto 001 – I.BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS – 011
The bourgeoisie keeps more and more doing away with the scattered state of the population, of the means of production, and of property.It has agglomerated production, and has concentrated property in a few hands.The necessary consequence of this was political centralisation.Independent, or but loosely connected provinces, with separate interests, laws, governments and systems of taxation, became lumped together into one nation, with one government, one code of laws, one national class-interest, one frontier and one customs-tariff.The bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarce one hundred years, has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than have all preceding generations together.Subjection of Nature’s forces to man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steam-navigation, railways, electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalisation of rivers, whole populations conjured out of the ground—what earlier century had even a presentiment that such productive forces slumbered in the lap of social labour?We see then: the means of production and of exchange, on whose foundation the bourgeoisie built itself up, were generated in feudal society
❤️ 위 본문에 대한 번역 및 자세한 설명은 다음과 같습니다.
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The bourgeoisie / keeps more and more / doing away with / the scattered state / of the population, / of the means of production, /and of property.
부르주아는 점점 더 인구, 생산 수단, 소유의 분산 상태를 없애고 있다.
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It has agglomerated production, / and has concentrated property / in a few hands.
그것은 생산을 합치고, 소유를 소수의 손에 집중시켰다.
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The necessary consequence / of this / was political centralisation.
이것의 필연적인 결과는 정치적 중앙집권화였다.
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Independent, / or but loosely connected / provinces, /with separate interests, /laws, /governments and systems of taxation, / became lumped together / into one nation, / with one government, / one code of laws, / one national class-interest, / one frontier / and one customs-tariff.
독립적이거나 느슨하게 연결된 주들이, 개별적 이익, 법률, 정부, 세금 제도로, 하나의 정부, 하나의 법전, 하나의 국가적 이익, 하나의 국경, 하나의 관세로 만들어졌다.
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The bourgeoisie, / during its rule / of scarce one hundred years, / has created more massive / and more colossal productive forces / than have all preceding generations together.
부르주아는 겨우 백 년의 통치 동안, 이전 세대가 합친 것보다 더 거대하고 더 어마어마한 생산력을 창출했다.
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Subjection of Nature’s forces / to man, / machinery, / application of chemistry / to industry and agriculture, / steam-navigation, / railways, / electric telegraphs, / clearing of whole continents / for cultivation, / canalisation of rivers, / whole populations / conjured out of the ground— / what earlier century / had even a presentiment / that such productive forces / slumbered in the lap / of social labour?
자연의 힘을 인간에게 복종시키고, 기계화, 화학의 산업과 농업에의 적용, 증기 항해, 철도, 전신, 대륙 전체의 개간, 강의 운하화, 전 인구를 탄생시킨 것은 – 이전 어느 세기가 그러한 생산력이 사회적 노동의 품속에 잠들어 있다고 예감조차 했겠는가?
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We see then: / the means of production and of exchange, / on whose foundation / the bourgeoisie built itself up, / were generated in feudal society.
우리는 그렇게 본다: 부르주아가 이를 기반으로 자신을 세운 생산과 교환수단은 봉건 사회에서 만들어졌다.
여기까지 읽어주셔서 감사합니다. 출처 : [구텐베르크프로젝트] (https://www.gutenberg.org/)