homepage banner

The Communist Manifesto 001 I BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS 019

❤️ 본문의 번역 및 자세한 설명은 본문 하단에 있습니다.





The Communist Manifesto 001 – I.BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS – 019



Thus the whole historical movement is concentrated in the hands of the bourgeoisie; every victory so obtained is a victory for the bourgeoisie.

But with the development of industry the proletariat not only increases in number; it becomes concentrated in greater masses, its strength grows, and it feels that strength more.
The various interests and conditions of life within the ranks of the proletariat are more and more equalised, in proportion as machinery obliterates all distinctions of labour, and nearly everywhere reduces wages to the same low level.
The growing competition among the bourgeois, and the resulting commercial crises, make the wages of the workers ever more fluctuating.
The unceasing improvement of machinery, ever more rapidly developing, makes their livelihood more and more precarious; the collisions between individual workmen and individual bourgeois take more and more the character of collisions between two classes.
Thereupon the workers begin to form combinations (Trades Unions) against the bourgeois; they club together in order to keep up the rate of wages; they found permanent associations in order to make provision beforehand for these occasional revolts



❤️ 위 본문에 대한 번역 및 자세한 설명은 다음과 같습니다.





  1. Thus the whole historical movement / is concentrated / in the hands of / the bourgeoisie; every victory / so obtained / is a victory for / the bourgeoisie.

    따라서 전체 역사적 움직임은 부르주아지의 손에 집중된다; 그렇게 얻어진 모든 승리는 부르주아지를 위한 승리이다.


  2. ⦁ concentrated: 집중된
    – The wealth of the city was concentrated in the hands of a few families. (도시의 재산은 몇몇 가문의 손에 집중되었다.)

    ⦁ obtained: 얻어진
    – The data was obtained through extensive research. (그 데이터는 광범위한 연구를 통해 얻어졌다.)




  3. But with / the development of / industry the proletariat / not only increases / in number; it becomes / concentrated in / greater masses, its strength grows, / and it feels that strength / more.

    그러나 산업이 발전함에 따라, 프롤레타리아트는 숫자뿐만 아니라 더 큰 집단으로 집중되고, 그들의 힘은 커지며, 그 힘을 더 느끼게 된다.


  4. ⦁ development: 발전
    – The development of new technology has revolutionized communication. (신기술의 발전은 통신을 혁신했다.)

    ⦁ strength: 힘
    – The strength of the structure was tested under extreme conditions. (구조물의 강도는 극한 조건에서 테스트되었다.)




  5. The various interests / and conditions of life / within the ranks / of the proletariat / are more and more equalised, / in proportion as / machinery obliterates / all distinctions of labour, / and nearly everywhere / reduces wages to the same / low level.

    프롤레타리아트 내의 다양한 이익과 생활 조건이 점점 더 평준화된다, 기계가 모든 노동의 차이를 없애고 거의 모든 곳에서 임금을 동일한 낮은 수준으로 낮추는 비례에 따라.


  6. ⦁ conditions: 조건
    – The working conditions in the factory were harsh. (공장의 작업 조건은 가혹했다.)

    ⦁ equalised: 평준화된
    – The scores were equalised after the second round. (두 번째 라운드 후 점수가 평준화되었다.)




  7. The growing competition among / the bourgeois, / and the resulting / commercial crises, / make the wages / of the workers / ever more fluctuating.

    부르주아지 사이의 경쟁이 증가하고, 그로 인한 상업적 위기가 노동자들의 임금을 더욱 변동되게 만든다.


  8. ⦁ competition: 경쟁
    – The competition for the top prize was fierce. (최고 상을 위한 경쟁이 치열했다.)

    ⦁ fluctuating: 변동하는
    – The stock market has been fluctuating wildly this week. (이번 주 주식 시장은 극심하게 변동하고 있다.)




  9. The unceasing improvement of / machinery, / ever more rapidly / developing, makes their livelihood / more and more precarious; / the collisions between / individual workmen / and individual bourgeois / take more and more / the character of / collisions between / two classes.

    끊임없는 기계의 개선이 점점 빠르게 발전하면서 그들의 생계를 더욱 불안정하게 만든다; 개인 노동자와 개인 부르주아지 사이의 충돌은 점점 더 두 계급 간의 충돌의 성격을 띠게 된다.


  10. ⦁ improvement: 개선
    – The improvement in their living conditions was evident. (그들의 생활 조건의 개선이 뚜렷했다.)

    ⦁ precarious: 불안정한
    – The bridge looked highly precarious after the storm. (폭풍 후 다리는 매우 불안정해 보였다.)




  11. Thereupon the workers / begin to form combinations / (Trades Unions) / against the bourgeois; / they club together / in order to keep up / the rate of wages; / they found / permanent associations / in order to make provision / beforehand / for these occasional revolts.

    그 후로 노동자들은 부르주아지에 맞서 조합(노동조합)을 형성하기 시작한다; 그들은 임금 수준을 유지하기 위해 힘을 합친다; 그들은 이러한 일시적인 반란에 미리 대비하기 위해 영구적인 협회를 설립한다.


  12. ⦁ combinations: 조합
    – Different combinations of spices can create unique flavors. (다양한 향신료 조합이 독특한 맛을 만들 수 있다.)

    ⦁ provision: 대비
    – The provision of emergency supplies is crucial in disaster situations. (재난 상황에서 긴급 물품의 대비는 중요하다.)










여기까지 읽어주셔서 감사합니다.

출처 : [구텐베르크프로젝트] (https://www.gutenberg.org/)