❤️ 본문의 번역 및 자세한 설명은 본문 하단에 있습니다.
The Communist Manifesto 002 – II.PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS – 014
When Christian ideas succumbed in the 18th century to rationalist ideas, feudal society fought its death battle with the then revolutionary bourgeoisie.The ideas of religious liberty and freedom of conscience merely gave expression to the sway of free competition within the domain of knowledge.“Undoubtedly,” it will be said, “religious, moral, philosophical and juridical ideas have been modified in the course of historical development.But religion, morality philosophy, political science, and law, constantly survived this change.”“There are, besides, eternal truths, such as Freedom, Justice, etc.that are common to all states of society.But Communism abolishes eternal truths, it abolishes all religion, and all morality, instead of constituting them on a new basis; it therefore acts in contradiction to all past historical experience.”What does this accusation reduce itself to? The history of all past society has consisted in the development of class antagonisms, antagonisms that assumed different forms at different epochs.But whatever form they may have taken, one fact is common to all past ages, viz., the exploitation of one part of society by the other
❤️ 위 본문에 대한 번역 및 자세한 설명은 다음과 같습니다.
-
When Christian ideas / succumbed / in the 18th century / to rationalist ideas, / feudal society / fought its death battle / with the then revolutionary / bourgeoisie.
18세기 기독교 사상이 합리주의 사상에 굴복했을 때, 봉건 사회는 당시 혁명적 부르주아지와 치열한 사투를 벌였다.
-
The ideas of / religious liberty / and freedom of conscience / merely gave expression / to the sway of / free competition / within the domain / of knowledge.
종교적 자유와 양심의 자유 사상은 단지 지식 영역 내에서 자유 경쟁의 영향을 표현한 것에 지나지 않았다.
-
“Undoubtedly,” / it will be said, / “religious, moral, / philosophical and juridical ideas / have been modified / in the course of historical development. / But religion, morality, / philosophy, political science, / and law, / constantly survived / this change.”
“물론,” 이라고 말할 것이다, “종교적, 도덕적, 철학적, 법률적 사상은 역사적 발전 과정에서 변형되었지만, 종교, 도덕성, 철학, 정치학 및 법은 이 변화를 끊임없이 견뎌냈다.”
-
“There are, besides, / eternal truths, / such as Freedom, Justice, / etc. / that are common / to all states of society. / But Communism abolishes / eternal truths, / it abolishes / all religion, / and all morality, / instead of constituting them / on a new basis; / it therefore acts / in contradiction / to all past historical experience.”
“또한, 자유, 정의 등 모든 사회 상태에 공통적인 영원한 진리가 있다. 그러나 공산주의는 영원한 진리를 폐지하고, 모든 종교와 도덕을 폐지하며, 새로운 기반 위에 이를 세우지 않는다; 따라서 이는 모든 과거의 역사적 경험과 모순된다.”
-
What does this accusation / reduce itself to? / The history of all past society / has consisted in / the development of class antagonisms, / antagonisms that assumed different forms / at different epochs. / But whatever form / they may have taken, / one fact is common / to all past ages, / viz., the exploitation / of one part of society / by the other.
이런 비난은 무엇을 의미하는가? 과거 모든 사회의 역사는 계급 대립의 발전으로 이루어졌고, 이는 다른 시기마다 다른 형태를 취했다. 그러나 어떤 형태를 취하든, 모든 과거 시대에서 한 가지 공통된 사실이 있었으니, 그것은 사회의 한 부분이 다른 부분을 착취한 것이다.
여기까지 읽어주셔서 감사합니다. 출처 : [구텐베르크프로젝트] (https://www.gutenberg.org/)
